1.

def dfilter(f,d):
   kys = d.keys()
   dout = {}
   for ky in kys:
      if f(ky,d[ky]):
         dout[ky] = d[ky]
   return dout

dc = {'abc':5,'de':12,'f':13}
print dfilter(lambda k,dk: dk > 5,dc)  # {'de': 12, 'f': 13}
print dfilter(lambda k,dk: dk > 5 and 'e' in k,dc)  # {'de': 12}

2.

def od(fileName):
   f = open(fileName,'rb')
   bytes = f.read()
   z = zip(range(len(bytes)),bytes)
   nonAscii = filter(lambda zi: ord(zi[1]) > 127,z)
   return nonAscii

# test case
s = 'abc\n' + 'de' + chr(200) + 'f\n'
g = open('test','wb')
g.write(s)
g.close()
print od('test')